Align & Rotate

This tutorial will give you some drawing practice using real world examples. You will be asked to draw the sample drawing using some techniques you haven't been shown yet. This lesson requires you to have Adobe's Acrobat reader for PDF files. Here I'm using an example of someone who has to measure and draw a room.

Example 1 - Loading Dock
This is a real example from when I worked preparing 'as-built' CAD drawings. These drawings are used by designers who need to know the existing dimensions of the building that will be remodeled. When you are doing a survey and measuring rooms, it goes quickly as long as you have nice rectangle walls which the contractors built perfectly square, and you don't have to deal with angles or other problems. This example will deal with drawing a room that has angles. Below is the room you will be drawing, notice that some of the walls are at an angle, and you don't know those angles.

Here is the drawing with all the dimensions on it (print it out if you can). Imagine that you have just sketched out all the measurements and you need to draw it now. How do you start? The best way to start is to draw what you can - in this case, you can draw the horizontal and vertical lines easily. Next draw the lines for the angles lines, but draw them horizontal and vertical as well (as shown below):

Now you should have all the lines drawn, and the door blocks inserted or drawn in. Make sure that everything is on the correct layer.
Finally you will adjust the 'soon to be angled lines' using the Align command.

Make sure your OSnaps are turned on or your drawing will become a mess rather quickly.

Command	Keystroke	Icon	Location	Result
ALIGN	ALIGN		Home > Modify > Align	Aligns (and scales) selected objects to specific points.

This command requires that you follow the command line prompts carefully. Start the command and use the input shown below. You are selecting source points (where it starts) and destination points (where it will end up). Choose the endpoints nearest the text.

Command: ALIGN
Select objects: <SELECT BOTTOM AND RIGHT SIDE LINES>
Specify opposite corner: 28 found
Select objects: <ENTER>
Specify first source point: <1S>
Specify first destination point: <1D>
Specify second source point: <2S>
Specify second destination point: <2D>
Specify third source point or <continue>: <ENTER>>
Scale objects based on alignment points? [Yes/No] <N>: N

Just so you know, the 3rd source point is used in 3D drawing.

If everything went correctly, your lines should be very close, but not touching. Zoom in if you can't see this. In the real world, your lines won't usually line up 'exactly'. When that happens, you'll need to re-check your measurements, and correct the lines (but in some cases, close will work - it all depends upon your tolerances for the project). Also, if you have drawn your lines to specific lengths, you don't want to scale them.

But what if you have an older version of AutoCAD LT. Prior to AutoCAD LT 2015, it doesn't have the align command. You're screwed, right? Not really - you can use the ROTATE command. This is the same rotate command you used in Level 1 and it works in all versions of AutoCAD.

Undo the align command so that your lines are back to horizontal and vertical.

Here's how you can use the rotate command to to rotate objects at an angle you don't know. Once again, follow the command line prompts carefully. What you need to do is tell AutoCAD what the existing angle is (Reference angle) and what the new angle is

Command: ROTATE
Current positive angle in UCS: ANGDIR=counterclockwise ANGBASE=0.0000
Select objects: <SELECT OBJECTS> Specify opposite corner: 28 found
Select objects: <ENTER>
Specify base point: <1R>
Specify rotation angle or [Copy/Reference]<329.8507>: R
Specify the reference angle <0.0000>: <1R> Specify second point: <2R>
Specify the new angle or [Points] <0.0000>:

Both commands work well and quickly. Which one you use depend on the situation. If your lines are connected like they were in this example, the Rotate command works fine. If they aren't then the align command works easier. Personally, I use the Align command each time for consistency.

To clean up the walls, use the FILLET command with a Zero radius.

Video: Align and Rotate Reference Commands

Extra Practice: For this exercise, you will draw a room and place it into another drawing. Then you align the room to the existing walls. This is a common of collaborating on a drawing. A project manager might have the complete floor plan and delegate smaller areas to be drawn. Once the smaller area is complete, it needs to be inserted into the master drawing.

This can be done a few ways. You can copy and past the objects into the master drawing (good for small drawings). You can WBLOCK out the drawing objects and then insert them as a block. Finally, you use the smaller drawing as an External Reference (XREF) - this is covered in a later tutorial. For now, just use the copy and past method to complete this exercise.

Complete this floor plan drawing: ALIGN EXERCISE (PDF file)

When you are done, download and open the MASTER FILE (DWG)

With both drawings open, use the Windows Copy (CTRL+C) to copy the objects you drew to the clipboard. Then switch to the Master Drawing and paste them into the drawing (CTRL+V). Place them somewhere near the walls in the Master Drawing.

Finally use the ALIGN command to line the room your drew to the walls in the Master Drawing and you are done. Check out the video below if you need help with this.

Video: Align Exercise

Review: The real world isn't all straight lines and right angles. Knowing how to draw lines at strange and weird angles can be a challenge. Accuracy is always the priority, but quickness is a close second. Remembering all the commands you have learned (even if you don't use them all the time) is essential to being a good CAD drafter.